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Dementia

  • Alzheimer's disease

  • Vescular dementia

  • Frontotemporal dementia

  • Dementia with Lewy bodies

Alzhiemer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is a common type of dementia, a condition that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. In Alzheimer's, abnormal changes in the brain cause the gradual decline of cognitive abilities, making it challenging for individuals to remember, reason, and perform daily tasks. As it progresses, it can have a significant impact on a person's ability to function independently and may lead to changes in personality and behavior.

Vescular dementia

Vascular dementia is another type of dementia caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, usually due to blood vessel blockages or damage. This can result from strokes or other blood circulation problems. As a result, the brain's cognitive functions, such as memory, thinking, and problem-solving, can be affected, leading to difficulties in everyday tasks and activities. The symptoms and progression of vascular dementia can vary depending on the location and extent of the brain damage caused by the reduced blood flow.

Frontotemporal dementia

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a less common type of dementia that mainly affects the front and sides of the brain, known as the frontal and temporal lobes. It causes changes in behavior, personality, and language skills, leading to difficulties in social interactions, decision-making, and speech. Unlike Alzheimer's disease, memory is often less affected in the early stages of FTD, making it unique among dementia subtypes.

Dementia with Lewy bodies

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain called Lewy bodies. These deposits disrupt brain function, leading to problems with thinking, movement, and behavior. Individuals with DLB may experience visual hallucinations, fluctuating alertness, and motor symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, making it distinct from other dementia subtypes.

Parkinson's disease

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Parkinson's disease

  • Sporadic PD

  • Familiar PD

Sporadic PD

Sporadic cases of Parkinson's disease encompass several conditions, including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and other less common causes.

Familiar PD

Atypical parkinsonism can be seen in familial (heredodegenerative) disorders such as Huntington disease, spinocerebellar ataxias, X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (Lubag disease), and disorders related to the accumulation of brain iron in neurons.

Huntington's disease

  • Adult On-set HD

  • Early On-set HD

Adult On-set HD

Adult-onset Huntington's disease is the prevalent type, and it usually manifests symptoms during a person's mid-30s and 40s.

Early On-set HD

Early-onset Huntington's disease is uncommon but can affect children or adolescents in rare instances. Children with this form of the disease may encounter abrupt difficulties with schoolwork and exhibit symptoms that closely resemble those of Parkinson's disease.

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